JPEG vs. PNG – Introduction to the image formats

In the digital age, image formats are an essential part of online communication, web development and graphic design. JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) and PNG (Portable Network Graphics) are among the most commonly used image formats. Each format has its own specific properties, advantages and limitations that make it suitable for different applications.

JPEG: Quality and efficiency for photographs

JPEG is a lossy compression format, which means that some data is removed from the original image to reduce the file size. This compression is particularly effective for photographic images, where the slight loss of detail is often imperceptible. JPEG files are therefore ideal for websites where a fast loading time is important, as well as for storing and exchanging photos.

• Advantages: Small file sizes and broad compatibility.
• Limitations: Lossy compression leads to loss of quality with multiple editing.

PNG: Clarity and flexibility for graphics

PNG is a lossless compression format that retains all the original data of the image, even after multiple editing and saving. It supports transparency through an alpha channel, making it ideal for logos, graphics and images with sharp edges or text. PNG files are often larger than JPEGs, but offer higher quality and are therefore preferred for online presentation of graphics and for situations where transparency is required.

• Advantages: Lossless compression, support for transparency.
• Limitations: Larger file sizes compared to JPEG.

Areas of application and selection criteria

The choice between JPEG and PNG depends on several factors, including the type of image, the required image quality and the intended use of the image. JPEG is the best choice for most photographs and images where high color depth and fine shading are important, while PNG is ideal for images with transparency, graphics, logos and text where clarity and quality are priorities.